Waste-to-Energy

Waste incineration is a process that involves the combustion of solid waste materials, converting them into ash, gas, and heat while reducing their volume and weight. It is a standard method of waste disposal, especially in Europe, where it accounts for about 26% of all municipal waste.

One of the primary advantages of waste incineration is its ability to reduce the volume of solid waste significantly. Unlike traditional landfill disposal, where waste accumulates and occupies valuable land space, incineration reduces the waste mass by up to 90%, minimizing the need for expansive landfill sites.

Furthermore, waste incineration can generate energy in the form of heat and electricity. The combustion process releases thermal energy, which can be harnessed to produce steam and drive turbines, ultimately generating electricity. This dual-purpose approach to waste management not only addresses the issue of waste disposal but also contributes to sustainable energy production.

Modern waste incineration facilities have advanced technologies to control and minimize environmental impacts. Emission control systems, such as scrubbers and filters, capture pollutants and ensure that only minimal harmful substances are released into the atmosphere. Additionally, energy recovery systems maximize the utilization of the heat produced during incineration, enhancing overall efficiency and sustainability.

Waste incineration and district heating systems present an innovative and sustainable approach to urban energy needs and waste management.

District heating involves distributing hot water or steam through a network of pipes to provide space heating and hot water to multiple buildings or residential areas. Communities can derive dual benefits by connecting waste incineration facilities to district heating systems. Firstly, it enhances the energy efficiency of waste-to-energy processes, as the recovered heat finds productive use rather than being released into the atmosphere. Secondly, it offers a reliable and sustainable heat source for residential and commercial spaces, reducing dependency on traditional fossil fuels.

This symbiotic relationship between waste incineration and district heating exemplifies a circular economy approach, where waste is not merely disposed of but is actively transformed into valuable resources. It aligns with resource efficiency, environmental sustainability, and localized energy production principles, making it an appealing solution for urban areas seeking to address waste management challenges and the demand for clean, efficient heating solutions.

Waste-to-Energy plays a double role in society.

First and foremost, Waste-to-Energy serves a hygienic function by treating the residual waste that cannot be prevented or recycled. It takes responsibility for the remaining waste streams produced by citizens and businesses.

Furthermore, by treating the residues created from sorting and recycling activities, Waste-to-Energy plants act as a reliable sink for pollutants – a role that will only grow when society increases the use of high-quality recycling. Waste-to-Energy will continue to optimally complement material
recovery activities by promoting quality recycling.

It is important to remember that Waste-to-Energy sanitary service is just as necessary today as it was in the past. In the past, waste was burned as a means of dealing with infectious diseases. Some sanitary items cannot be reused or recycled, and it must be ensured that viruses
are safely destroyed.

Secondly, while guaranteeing a continuous sanitary service to communities and industries, Waste-to-Energy facilities use the energy contained in residual waste to maximise energy generation, including the production of electricity, heating, and cooling.